Separating mixtures: filtration, evaporation, chromatography

O/L Science · G.C.E. Ordinary Level · Grades 10–11

Aim

To choose a suitable method for separating each mixture.

Apparatus

• Filter paper and funnel
• Evaporating dish and heater
• Chromatography paper

Method

1. Choose a mixture.
2. Try filtration, evaporation or chromatography.
3. Observe whether the parts separate.
4. Try combining methods.

Conclusion

Filtration separates an insoluble solid from a liquid; evaporation recovers a dissolved solid; chromatography separates dyes. Complex mixtures need methods combined.